Course Overview
Digital microwave radio systems are extensively used for mobile backhauls, local, junction and trunk networks. With higher capacity broadband implementations such as LTE and WiMAX, microwave backhaul has gained renewed importance. Understanding planning issues such a reliability and availability becomes even more critical. This course covers all stages of terrestrial microwave point-to-point network build-out from initial planning and feasibility studies to system deployment. It provides participants with the theoretical knowledge and the practical skills for planning and design of a microwave link. Emphasis is given to practical guidelines and activities involved in putting microwave systems into operation. It describes the process behind planning and creating a business case for a microwave network, including the advantages and disadvantages, and includes discussions that will help executives to make an informed decision about whether to build a microwave network.
Expected Accomplishments
Identify factors which affect microwave propagation
Outline the general layout of microwave transmit and receive chain
List the features of a next generation IP microwave radio system
Interpret a microwave antenna radiation pattern envelope
Compare and contrast the different microwave antennas
Perform path profile planning from topographical data
Perform link budget calculations
Compare a pure Ethernet radio system with a Hybrid radio system.
Explain how Ethernet traffic is handled by modifications to a legacy TDM (PDH/SDH) based microwave system
Describe how packet synchronization is supported
Compute fade margins based on Vigent Barnett and ITU Rain model
Conduct frequency planning based on ITU guidelines
Understand quality and availability objectives, metrics and methods used to improve these
Course Outline
Introduction
Microwave Spectrum
Merits and Demerits of microwave communication
Application areas for m Microwave transmission
Path planning
Radio Equipment Characteristics
Equipment Configuration (Indoor, Outdoor, Split)
Basic Radio System Diagram
Radio Modems and MUX (PDH/SDH)
Bottlenecks of TDM Radio
Ethernet Radio
Hybrid Radio
Transceivers and Branching filters
Frequency and Space Diversity
Microwave Antennas
Antenna Characteristics
Electrical Performance Parameters
Radiation Pattern Envelope
Standard Parabolic, Shielded, Grid, Focal Plan antennas.
Radomes
Microwave Propagation
Free Space Loss
Reflection
Scattering
Diffraction
Atmospheric Refraction
Atmospheric Absorption
Rain Attenuation
Link Planning
Establishing Planning Briefs
Path profile calculations
Radio repeaters
Atmospheric Refraction
Calculation of Tower Heights: Fresnel Zone and Earth Bulge
oPath and Site Surveys
oCase Study
Microwave Link Engineering
System gain and fade margin
Availability Models
Multipath fade margin: Vigent Barnett
Rain fade margin: ITU-R rain model
Protection vs. Diversity
Measures to overbuild a link
Frequency Planning
Causes of interference
Interference conditions
Basic ITU arrangement of frequency planning
Frequency reuse
Quality and Availability Objectives
Availability objectives
G.821 and G.826 performance objectives
ITU-R Hypothetical Reference Path
Causes of unavailability and short outages